Kurt Stüber [1] / CC BY-SA 3.0
garden
Amaranth
Overview
An ancient grain revered by the Aztecs as a sacred food, amaranth is both a stunning ornamental and a nutritional powerhouse. Its towering flower plumes in deep red, gold, or green are dramatic in the garden, while its tiny seeds contain more protein than most grains. Both the leaves and seeds are edible, making it a dual-purpose crop for food-forest gardens.
Companion Planting & Soil
Good Companions
Soil pH6 — 7.5
Soil TypeFertile, well-drained soil; tolerates poor conditions once established
Planting Calendar
When to sow, transplant, and harvest by growing zone.
| Zone | Action | Months | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cold (1-2) | Direct Sow | Jun — Jun | Direct sow after last frost; soil must be 65°F+; press seeds lightly into soil |
| Cold (1-2) | Harvest | Aug — Sep | Harvest grain when seeds fall freely when head is shaken; leaves edible anytime |
| Cool (3-4) | Direct Sow | May — Jun | Direct sow when soil is warm; tiny seeds — do not cover deeply |
| Cool (3-4) | Harvest | Aug — Oct | Harvest seed heads when they begin to shatter; dry thoroughly |
| Moderate (5-7) | Direct Sow | Apr — Jun | Direct sow after last frost; thin to 18" apart |
| Moderate (5-7) | Harvest | Jul — Oct | Cut seed heads into paper bags to catch grain; leaves edible at any stage |
| Warm (8-9) | Direct Sow | Mar — May | Direct sow in spring; drought tolerant once established |
| Warm (8-9) | Harvest | Jun — Sep | Harvest leaves as cut-and-come-again; grain when dry |
| Hot (10+) | Direct Sow | Feb — Apr | Sow in spring; thrives in heat unlike most grains |
| Hot (10+) | Harvest | May — Aug | Harvest grain when heads are dry; leaves edible throughout season |
Uses
Culinary
- Seeds popped like popcorn or cooked as porridge
- Young leaves used like spinach in salads and stir-fries
- Ground into flour for gluten-free baking
Medicinal
- Complete protein source with all essential amino acids
- High in iron, calcium, and magnesium
- Leaves rich in vitamins A and C
Other Uses
- Natural dye from red-pigmented varieties
- Ornamental dried flower arrangements
- Grain crop for food sovereignty projects
