Illustration_Anethum_graveolens0.jpg: Prof. Dr. Otto Wilhelm Thomé
derivative work: Aroche (talk) / Public domain
herb
Dill
Anethum
EdibleMedicinalToxic — Use Caution
Edible PartsLeaves
Overview
An ancient herb whose feathery fronds and pungent seeds have flavored food from Scandinavia to India for millennia. Dill is essential in pickling, and its flavor changes dramatically between the fresh leaves (dill weed) and the dried seeds. It is a host plant for swallowtail butterfly caterpillars and a powerful attractor of beneficial insects.
Growing Conditions
LightFull Sun
MoistureModerate
Hardiness Zones2 — 11
Height0.8m
Spread0.2m
Growth HabitForb/herb
Pollinator Valuehigh
Companion Planting & Soil
Good Companions
Avoid Planting Near
Soil pH5.5 — 7.5
Soil TypeWell-drained, moderately fertile soil
Planting Calendar
When to sow, transplant, and harvest by growing zone.
| Zone | Action | Months | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cold (1-2) | Direct Sow | Jun — Jul | Sow after last frost; succession sow every 3 weeks |
| Cold (1-2) | Harvest | Jul — Aug | Harvest leaves anytime; seeds when brown |
| Cool (3-4) | Direct Sow | May — Jul | Sow after last frost; succession sow every 3 weeks |
| Cool (3-4) | Harvest | Jun — Sep | Harvest leaves anytime; seeds when brown |
| Moderate (5-7) | Direct Sow | Apr — Aug | Sow after last frost; succession sow every 3 weeks |
| Moderate (5-7) | Harvest | May — Oct | Harvest leaves anytime; seeds when brown |
| Warm (8-9) | Direct Sow | Mar — May | Sow in spring before heat; again in fall |
| Warm (8-9) | Direct Sow | Sep — Oct | Fall sowing for mild winters |
| Warm (8-9) | Harvest | Apr — Jun | Harvest before plants bolt in heat |
| Hot (10+) | Direct Sow | Feb — Apr | Sow in cool season only |
| Hot (10+) | Direct Sow | Oct — Nov | Fall sowing |
| Hot (10+) | Harvest | Mar — May | Harvest before plants bolt in heat |
Uses
Culinary
- Fresh fronds in salads, fish dishes, and tzatziki
- Seeds essential in pickling and bread baking
- Dill butter and cream cheese are classic preparations
Medicinal
- Carminative that relieves gas and bloating
- Gripe water ingredient for infant colic (traditionally)
- Seeds contain calcium and may support bone health
Other Uses
- Host plant for swallowtail butterfly caterpillars
- Attracts beneficial insects including lacewings and parasitic wasps
Safety Notes
Dill is said to contain the alleged 'psychotroph' myristicine[218]. There are also reports that dill can cause photosensitivity and or dermatitis in some people[218]. Avoid dill oil during pregnancy.
