Nasturtium

Overview

One of the most useful plants in the garden, nasturtium serves as a trap crop for aphids, a companion plant for vegetables, and a beautiful edible flower all at once. Every part is edible — the peppery leaves and flowers brighten salads, and the green seed pods can be pickled as 'poor man's capers.' Nasturtiums thrive in poor soil, where they bloom most prolifically.

The garden nasturtium, scientifically known as Tropaeolum majus, is a captivating annual or short-lived perennial plant that belongs to the family Tropaeolaceae. Despite its name, it is not closely related to the genus Nasturtium. This vibrant flowering plant is renowned for its distinctive appearance and versatile uses.

Appearance and Distinguishing Features

Nasturtiums boast round, disc-shaped leaves and produce cheerful yellow, orange, or red flowers that bloom from summer through fall. The foliage and flowers are edible, adding a peppery flavor to salads and other culinary creations. This plant's unique leaf shape and vivid hues make it easily distinguishable among garden plants.

Native Range and Habitat

Tropaeolum majus is believed to be a domesticated, probably hybridized variety that originated in the Andes Mountains of South America. It has since spread worldwide and can now be found growing wild in various temperate regions.

Growing Conditions and Care

Nasturtiums thrive in well-drained soil with moderate fertility. They prefer full sun but will tolerate partial shade. These hardy plants are drought-tolerant once established, making them ideal for beginner gardeners or those with limited time for care. Deadheading (removing spent flowers) can encourage continuous blooming throughout the season.

Uses

Edible: The leaves, flowers, and seeds of nasturtiums are edible and have a slightly peppery taste. They can be used in salads, sandwiches, soups, and as garnishes.

Medicinal

Traditionally, nasturtiums have been used to treat various ailments, including sore throats, coughs, and skin issues. However, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional before consuming or applying them medicinally.

Ornamental

Nasturtiums are cherished for their vibrant flowers and unique foliage, making them popular in cottage gardens, borders, and containers. They attract pollinators and provide food for children and birds.

Ecological

These plants support pollinator populations by providing nectar and pollen. They also host beneficial insects like hoverflies, which prey on pests that damage crops.

Cultural or Historical Significance

Nasturtiums have been cultivated since the 16th century and were introduced to Europe from South America during the Age of Exploration. The plant's botanical name, Tropaeolum, comes from the Greek words "tropaion" (trophy) and "aule" (wreath), referring to the ancient Roman practice of adorning winners' homes with flowers after battles.

Notable Varieties or Related Species

There are numerous cultivars of Tropaeolum majus, each offering unique color combinations, leaf shapes, and growth habits. Some popular varieties include 'Empire Mix,' which features a mix of red, yellow, and orange flowers; 'Moonlight,' known for its pale yellow flowers; and 'Jewel of the Nile,' characterized by deep crimson blooms.

Mentioned in The Mycelial Grimoire

Posts on the Grimoire that reference Nasturtium.

Growing Conditions

Habitat & Range

Habitat

Meadows & Open Areas

Native Range

also native to Peru; introduced in 7 US states

Cultivation Region

Temperate regions

Botanical data via projectGAIA.

Companion Planting & Soil

Sowing & Propagation

Planting Calendar

When to sow, transplant, and harvest by growing zone.

Uses

Related Plants

Marigold garden

Adzuki bean garden

Garlic garden

Lima bean garden

Sweet corn garden

White clover garden